Chapter 24 (740-747)

Religious beliefs and practices declined as globalization and the modern world arised. The enlightenment and socialist intellectuals were on the road to extinction. However, some religions such as Buddhism and Christianity spread. Christianity spread to Asia, Africa, and Latin America as did the ideas of meditation and yoga in Buddhism. Fundamentalism took a great part in the involment on religions such as the bible and at the end of World War Two opposed political liberalism, homosexuality, abortion rights, and secular humanism.
Political independence arised in Egypt, Iran, and Algeria and generated nationalism, socialism, and economic development. However it led to problems such as a widespread in unemployment, over crowded cities, corruption, slow economic growth, and difference between rich and poor.

Arab Spring

WLP stands for women's learning partnership which dedicated women leaders who's goal was to empower women and transform their families communities, and societies to improve effectiveness in feminist movements. WLP tried to stop violence against women, promoted volunteering, stop drug abuse, child abuse, sexual harassment, domestic violence and many others.  It also, provided workshops with technical knowledge and practical skills that allowed women to participate in the regions dialogue on rights, development, and peace. They also created a campaign that allows women to participate to be active equal members in their countries.

Chapter 24 (734-739)

Liberation ideas and civil rights arised as globalization continued. In 1968, new communist party started a reform focused on creating socialism with a human face and censorship ended. Feminism began in many countries and focused on suffrage. It organized efforts to help address the concerns of women around the world. It involved issues on sexuality, free love, lesbianism, celibacy and the equal right as heterosexuals. In the 1960s feminism was revived in Western Europe and United States. In 2006, nation ratified the discrimination against women. This promoted legal equality, ended discrimination, encouraged the development of women, and protected human rights.

Chapter 24 (723-734)

Re-globalization was a process that accelerated the circulation of goods, capital, and of the people which increased world trade by trillions. Goods were distributed from all parts of the world in many stores and markets. Money was distributed in three ways by foreign direct investment, money in motion, and personal funds of individuals in a form of capital. Transnational corporation was one of the global businesses that took part in the globalization in many countries. In 1970, countries joined together to try and create new international economic order that would help the poor. Economic globalization effected the nations not just on a global level.

Chapter 23

At the end of world war 1 many countries arised as a result of empires ending. Colonial rule was now being seen by political order. The people wanted their independence and did not view colonial rule as they did in the past. This allowed them to make profitable economic interests in Africa and Asia. The process included elections, writing constitutions, investments, and political reforms. As counties started to declare independence, poverty also arised.
In 1910, South Africa gained independence from Britain. South Africa was and industrial economy and based on diamond/gold mining. The white minority had the control at this time and majority of the Africans worked in the mines and for the white people. The Africans had a hard time achieving economic development as well as new independent countries. Economic development represented a rise in global culture modernity.

chapter 22, cold war

In the cold war the Soviet Union and the United States were the major political and military powers that took place of Western Europe.  It began with the heavy fortified border between Western and Eastern Europe.  This was called the Iron Curtain.  Communist victories opened the door to communist expansion in Asia and the rest of the world.  In 1953, the Cuban Missle Crisis happened. The Soviet Union sent nuclear missiles to Cuba.  For 13 days American forces blackaded the islands and got ready for an invasion.  John F. Kennedy help relieve this situation and promised the Soviets they would not invade.  The United States was a strong inperial and national security state.  The intelligent agencies had great power in the government.  The middle class society increased at tis time and allowed for high advancements.  In the 1990s the growing market of movies and McDonalds grew. 

chapter 21

Fascism arose between 1919 and 1945 and was a authoritarian and nationalistic type of government that seeked to revitalize and purify the nation.  In Germany Hitler was the ruler and suppressed all other political parties, abolished labor unions, controlled the press/radio, arrested thousands of people, and had the control.  The majority of the population was on Hitlers side because his ways brought Germany out of the Depression.  This was similar to Japan during the 1930 because Japan had an authoritarian government and denied democracy.  The countries compteted for power and that in turn lead to the second world war.  Around 60 million people died.  Technology of warfare contributed to these casualties for it was more advanced than in the first world war.

chapter 21

In the beginning of the twentieth century the balance of power was portrayed by the Triple Alliance and the Triple Entente.  The Triple Alliance was Germany, Austria, and Italy and The Triple Entete was Russia, France and Britain.  The great war was started and began when Arch Duke Franz Ferdinand got killed in June 1914.  The war lasted more than four years and nationalism, competition and the expansion of militarism were the factors that contributed to it.  As the war continued the phrase "total war" began to arise which needed mobilization of the contries populations.  People involved themselves in propoganda, campaigns and signs to try and benefit the war. The treaty of Versailles ended the war.  Germany lost and needed to pay reparations and accepted sole respinsibility for the start of the war.  Germany then later on had resentment and wanted pay back. 

Putins Challenge

This article is based on a project on centre/periphery on the people of the Ciracassin community who's based mostly in New Jersy.  They use the metaphor from the novel Last of the Mohicans in relation to the last person in the tribe of the Ubykh, Ciracassin. This tribe no longer exists neither does their language. I find it sad that this can happen.  People can lose importance of their heritage because of what happens in our world of colonization. People are either forced to migrate or even killed and have to adapt to what is culturally accepted and lose their own heritage and where they come from.  1.5 million Circassians were liked or died from disease and the rest of 90% of our world of 5-6million are split between the Russia's. Now after reading this article it made me mad to think people would even consider to hold the Olympics there knowing the history and deaths that occurred there. For Putin to ignore the history and deny the heritage of the Circassian people is shameful and makes him a weak character. He will be doomed if he chooses that route and he will be known as Putin the terrible. 

Dolores Huerta

Dolores Huertas is an inspirational woman who has accomplished so much to be thankful for. From being the cofounder of the united farm workers, civil rights avtivist, feminists to being a key speaker in word of action to believe in the philosophy of non violence. She has dedicated her self to the right and belief of human right. I enjoyed her speech a lot and aside from being knowledgable she is of good strong character and very humerous. She covered a lot of interesting points and facts in her speech and one was how economic and political powers triggers many issues we struggle with today. It's amazing how she puts things and makes you really question what's going on. Just like how we depend on other countries for there natural resources because the United States is the only developed country that does not own it's own. She also talked about the violence of poverty. Our wages do not let us keep up with the cost of living. She states we are helpless but what can we do about it? If we are fed up with the system we need to vote. For us to be a democracy we need to vote in order for change. She inspires for you to want to make change. It takes faith but non-violence is transformative.